58. Length of Last Word


Given a string s consisting of words and spaces, return the length of the last word in the string.

A word is a maximal substring consisting of non-space characters only.

Example 1:

Input: s = "Hello World"
Output: 5
Explanation: The last word is "World" with length 5.

Example 2:

Input: s = "   fly me   to   the moon  "
Output: 4
Explanation: The last word is "moon" with length 4.

Example 3:

Input: s = "luffy is still joyboy"
Output: 6
Explanation: The last word is "joyboy" with length 6.

Constraints:

  • 1 <= s.length <= 10^4
  • s consists of only English letters and spaces ' '.
  • There will be at least one word in s.

这道题难度不是很大。先对输入字符串做预处理,去掉开头和结尾的空格,然后用一个计数器来累计非空格的字符串的长度,遇到空格则将计数器清零,参见代码如下:

解法一:

class Solution {
public:
    int lengthOfLastWord(string s) {
        int left = 0, right = (int)s.size() - 1, res = 0;
        while (s[left] == ' ') ++left;
        while (s[right] == ' ') --right;
        for (int i = left; i <= right; ++i) {
            if (s[i] == ' ') res = 0;
            else ++res;
        }
        return res;
    }
};

昨晚睡觉前又想到了一种解法,其实不用上面那么复杂的,这里关心的主要是非空格的字符,那么实际上在遍历字符串的时候,如果遇到非空格的字符,只需要判断其前面一个位置的字符是否为空格,如果是的话,那么当前肯定是一个新词的开始,将计数器重置为1,如果不是的话,说明正在统计一个词的长度,计数器自增1即可。但是需要注意的是,当 i=0 的时候,无法访问前一个字符,所以这种情况要特别判断一下,归为计数器自增1那类,参见代码如下:

解法二:

class Solution {
public:
    int lengthOfLastWord(string s) {
        int res = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i) {
            if (s[i] != ' ') {
                if (i != 0 && s[i - 1] == ' ') res = 1;
                else ++res;
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};

下面这种方法是第一种解法的优化版本,由于只关于最后一个单词的长度,所以开头有多少个空格起始并不需要在意,从字符串末尾开始,先将末尾的空格都去掉,然后开始找非空格的字符的长度即可,参见代码如下:

解法三:

class Solution {
public:
    int lengthOfLastWord(string s) {
        int right = s.size() - 1, res = 0;
        while (right >= 0 && s[right] == ' ') --right;
        while (right >= 0 && s[right] != ' ' ) {
            --right; 
            ++res;
        }
        return res;
    }
};

这道题用Java来做可以一行搞定,请参见这个帖子.

Github 同步地址:

https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/58

参考资料:

https://leetcode.com/problems/length-of-last-word/

https://leetcode.com/problems/length-of-last-word/discuss/21927/My-3-line-0-ms-java-solution

https://leetcode.com/problems/length-of-last-word/discuss/21892/7-lines-4ms-C%2B%2B-Solution

LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中…)

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